Te Mākete Paninga o Āwherika: Ngā Huarahi me ngā Huakore o te Tau Hou

E matapaetia ana ka paku tipu te ōhanga o Āwherika i te tau 2024, ā, e matapaetia ana e ngā kāwanatanga o te whenua nui te whānui ake o te ōhanga i te tau 2025. Mā tēnei ka ara ake te huarahi mō te whakaoranga me te whakatinanatanga o ngā kaupapa hanganga, inā koa i roto i te kawe waka, te pūngao me te whare, e hono ana ki te pikinga o te whakamahinga o ngā momo paninga.

E matapaetia ana e te tirohanga ōhanga hou mō Āwherika e te Peeke Whakawhanake Āwherika ā-rohe (AfDB) ka piki te ōhanga o te whenua ki te 3.7% i te tau 2024 me te 4.3% i te tau 2025.

"Ko te pikinga o te tipu toharite o Āwherika e matapaetia ana ka arahina e Āwherika ki te Rawhiti (e piki ake ana mā te 3.4 ōrau) me Āwherika ki te Tonga me Āwherika ki te Hauāuru (e piki ana ia mā te 0.6 ōrau)," e ai ki te pūrongo a te AfDB.

Neke atu i te 40 ngā whenua o Āwherika "ka piki ake te tipu i te tau 2024 i te tau 2023, ā, ka piki ake te maha o ngā whenua he nui ake i te 5% te tere tipu ki te 17," te tāpiri a te peeke.

Ahakoa te iti o tēnei tipu e matapaetia ana, e matapaetia ana ka tautoko i te kaupapa a Āwherika ki te whakaiti i tana kawenga nama o waho, ki te whakatairanga i ngā kaupapa hanganga e haere tonu ana me ngā kaupapa kua roa e whakaroa ana, inā koa ko ngā whare utu iti, ngā rori, ngā rēriwe, tae atu ki ngā whare mātauranga hei whakatutuki i te taupori ākonga e tere tipu haere ana.

Ngā Kaupapa Hanganga

He maha ngā kaupapa hanganga kei te haere tonu i roto i te maha o ngā whenua o Āwherika ahakoa kua tata te mutunga o te tau 2024, ā, ko ētahi o ngā kaiwhakarato paninga i te rohe e pūrongo ana i te pikinga o ngā moni whiwhi hoko mō te hauwhā tuatahi, tuarua, me te tuatoru o te tau, nā te pai o te mahi a ngā rāngai hangahanga pēnei i te umanga motuka me te haumi tāpiri ki te rāngai whare.

Hei tauira, ko tētahi o ngā kaihanga peita nui rawa atu o Āwherika ki te Rāwhiti, ko te Crown Paints (Kenya) PLC i whakatūria i te tau 1958, i whakaputa i tētahi tipu 10% o ngā moni whiwhi mō te haurua tuatahi o te tau i mutu i te 30 o Hune, 2024 ki te US$47.6 miriona, i whakaritea ki te US$43 miriona mō te tau i mua.

Ko te hua o te kamupene i mua i te taake i eke ki te US$1.1 miriona, ki te whakataurite ki te US$568,700 mō te wā i mutu i te 30 o Hune, 2023, he pikinga tēnei nā te "tipu o ngā rahinga hoko."

"I whakapiki ake hoki te hua whānui i te kaha o te hereni o Kenya ki ngā moni nui o te ao i te wā i mutu i te 30 o Hune, 2024, ā, nā ngā reiti whakawhiti pai i whakarite te pumau o ngā utu o ngā rauemi mata kawemai," te kī a Conrad Nyikuri, te hēkeretari kamupene a Crown Paints.

He pānga nui tō te mahi pai a Crown Paints ki te tuku mai i ētahi waitohu mai i ngā kaitākaro o te ao e tohatohahia ana ā rātou hua ki Āwherika ki te Rawhiti.

Haunga āna ake peita motuka e wātea ana i raro i tana ake Motocryl mō te mākete kore mana, ka tukuna hoki e Crown Paints te waitohu Duco me ngā hua rongonui o te ao mai i Nexa Autocolour (PPG) me Duxone (Axalta Coating Systems) tae atu ki te kamupene piri me ngā matū hanga matua, Pidilite. I taua wā, ka whakaputaina ngā peita Crown Silicone i raro i te raihana mai i Wacker Chemie AG.

I tētahi atu wāhi, e ai ki te kamupene nui o Akzo Nobel, he tohunga ki te hinu, te hau me te moana, he kirimana tuku taonga tā Crown Paints ki a rātou, ko āna hoko i Āwherika, he mākete kei roto i te rohe o Ūropi, o te Waenganui Rawhiti, i piki ake te hoko rauropi o te 2% me te moni whiwhi o te 1% mō te hauwhā tuatoru o te tau 2024. Ko te tipu o ngā hoko rauropi, e ai ki te kamupene, i ahu mai i te "utu pai".

Kua pūrongohia tētahi tirohanga pai rite tonu e PPG Industries, e kī ana "he koretake ngā hoko rauropi tau-ki-tau mō ngā paninga hoahoanga i Ūropi, i te Waenganui Rawhiti me Āwherika, he ia pai tēnei i muri i ngā hekenga maha hauwhā."

Ko te pikinga ake o te hoko peita me ngā paninga i Āwherika tērā pea nā te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō te whanaketanga hanganga e pā ana ki te ia o te hoko tūmataiti e tipu haere ana, te umanga motuka pakari o te rohe me te puāwaitanga o te hanga whare i ngā whenua pēnei i a Kenya, Uganda me Ihipa.

"I runga i te tipu haere o te akomanga waenga me te pikinga o ngā whakapaunga kai a ngā whānau, he nui ngā whai wāhitanga mō te whanaketanga hanganga e puta mai ana i te kai tūmataiti i Āwherika," te kī a te pūrongo a te AfDB.

Ina hoki, e kite ana te peeke mō ngā tau 10 kua pahure ake nei "kua piki haere tonu ngā whakapaunga hoko tūmataiti i Āwherika, nā ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te tipu o te taupori, te noho tāone nui, me te pikinga ake o te akomanga waenga."

E ai ki te peeke, i piki ake ngā whakapaunga kai tūmataiti i Āwherika mai i te $470 piriona i te tau 2010 ki te neke atu i te $1.4 trillion i te tau 2020, he whānui nui tēnei kua "whakatipu ake i te hiahia mō ngā hanganga pai ake, tae atu ki ngā whatunga kawe waka, ngā pūnaha pūngao, ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero, me ngā whakaurunga wai me te akuaku."

Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, kei te whakatairanga ngā kāwanatanga o te rohe i tētahi kaupapa here mō ngā whare utu iti hei whakatutuki i te iti rawa o te 50 miriona whare hei whakatika i te korenga o ngā whare i te whenua nui. Koinei pea te take i piki ake ai te hoko o ngā paninga whare me ngā paninga whakapaipai i te tau 2024, he ia e matapaetia ana ka haere tonu i te tau 2025 i te mea e matapaetia ana ka oti te nuinga o ngā kaupapa i roto i te wā waenga ki te wā roa.

I taua wā tonu, ahakoa e tumanako ana a Āwherika ki te tomo ki te tau 2025 me te koa ki te umanga motuka e puāwai ana, kei te mau tonu te koretake o te mākete o te ao e pā ana ki te ngoikore o te tono o te ao kua whakaiti i te wāhi o te whenua nui i roto i te mākete kaweake me te koretake o te tōrangapū i roto i ngā whenua pēnei i a Sudan, te Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) me Mozambique.

Hei tauira, ko te umanga motuka o Ghana, i uarahia ki te US$4.6 piriona i te tau 2021, e matapaetia ana ka eke ki te US$10.64 piriona i te tau 2027 e ai ki tētahi pūrongo a te whakahaere o Dawa Industrial Zone, he rohe ahumahi i hangaia mō te kaupapa i Ghana, ā, i whakaarohia hei manaaki i te whānuitanga o ngā ahumahi māmā me ngā ahumahi taumaha puta noa i ngā rāngai rerekē.

"E whakaatu ana tēnei ara tipu i te pūmanawa nui o Āwherika hei mākete motuka," te kī a te pūrongo.

"Ko te pikinga ake o te hiahia mō ngā waka i roto i te whenua, me te hiahia kia whai mana motuhake i roto i te hanga, ka whakatuwhera i ngā huarahi hou mō te haumi, ngā mahi tahi hangarau, me ngā hononga ki ngā kamupene motuka nunui o te ao," tāna tāpiri.

I Āwherika ki te Tonga, e ai ki te Kaunihera Pakihi Aunoa o te whenua (naamsa), he rōpū tautoko mō te umanga motuka o Āwherika ki te Tonga, kua piki ake te hanga waka i te whenua mā te 13.9%, mai i te 555,885 waeine i te tau 2022 ki te 633,332 waeine i te tau 2023, "neke atu i te pikinga o te hanga waka o te ao i ia tau, arā, 10.3% i te tau 2023."

Te wikitoria i ngā wero

Ko te mahi a te ōhanga o Āwherika i te tau hou ka whakawhirinaki nui ki te huarahi e whakatau ai ngā kāwanatanga o te whenua nui i ētahi o ngā wero ka pā tika, ka pā ā-kore rānei ki te mākete paninga o te whenua nui.

Hei tauira, kei te haere tonu te pakanga ā-iwi i Sudan ki te whakangaro i ngā hanganga matua pēnei i te kawe waka, ngā whare noho me ngā whare arumoni, ā, ki te kore he pumau tōrangapū, kua tata kore e taea te whakahaere me te tiaki i ngā rawa e ngā kaimahi paninga.

Ahakoa ka waihangahia he whai wāhitanga pakihi mā ngā kaihanga me ngā kaiwhakarato paninga i te wā hanga anō i te whakangaromanga o ngā hanganga, tera pea ka kino te pānga o te pakanga ki te ōhanga i te wā waenga me te wā roa.

"Ko te pānga o te pakanga ki te ōhanga o Sudan te āhua nei he hohonu rawa atu i te aromatawai o mua, me te whakahekenga o te putanga tūturu e piki ake ana i te toru ngā wā ki te 37.5 ōrau i te tau 2023, mai i te 12.3 ōrau i te Hanuere 2024," te kī a AfDB.

"He nui hoki te pānga o te pakanga ki te horapa o te hinu, inā koa i te taha tata o Sudan ki te Tonga, e whakawhirinaki nui ana ki ngā paipa me ngā whare whakapai hinu o Sudan, tae atu ki ngā hanganga tauranga mō ngā kaweake hinu," tāna tāpiri.

E ai ki te AfDB, kua tino pāngia te kaha ahumahi nui e te pakanga, tae atu ki ngā hanganga ratonga me ngā mekameka tuku nui, ā, kua hua ake he arai nui ki te hokohoko me ngā kaweake ki tāwāhi.

He tūmomo mōrearea anō hoki te nama o Āwherika ki te kaha o ngā kāwanatanga o te rohe ki te whakapau moni ki ngā paninga taumaha e pau ana i ngā rāngai pēnei i te umanga hanga.

"I te nuinga o ngā whenua o Āwherika, kua piki ake ngā utu mō te utu nama, kua whakararu i ngā pūtea a te iwi, ā, kua whakawhāiti i te whānuitanga o te whakapaunga me te haumitanga o ngā hanganga a te kāwanatanga ki ngā rawa tangata, e pupuri ana i te whenua i roto i tētahi huringa kino e mau ana i a Āwherika i roto i te ara tipu iti," te tāpiri a te peeke.

Mō te mākete o Āwherika ki te Tonga, me whakarite a Sapma me ōna mema mō tētahi pūnaha ōhanga pakari ake i te mea he aukati tipu mō ngā rāngai hanga me te maina o te whenua te pikinga o te utu, ngā hapa pūngao, me ngā raruraru whakahaere.

Heoi, i te mea e matapaetia ana te pikinga o te ōhanga o Āwherika me te pikinga o ngā whakapaunga whakapaipai a ngā kāwanatanga o te rohe, tera pea ka tipu te mākete paninga o te whenua nui i te tau 2025 me tua atu.