I roto i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, ko te whakaiti i te nui o ngā whakarewa e tukuna ana ki te āhuarangi. Ka kiia ēnei he VOC (ngā pūhui waro mimiti) ā, kei roto i ēnei ngā whakarewa katoa e whakamahia ana e tātou engari ko te acetone, he iti rawa te tauhohenga whakaahua matū, ā, kua whakakorehia hei whakarewa VOC.
He aha rā mēnā ka taea e tātou te whakakore katoa i ngā whakarewa, ā, ka puta tonu he hua tiaki me te whakapaipai pai me te iti o te kaha?
He rawe tēnā — ā, ka taea e tātou. Ko te hangarau e taea ai tēnei ko te whakamaroke UV. Kua whakamahia mai i te tekau tau atu i 1970 mō ngā momo rauemi katoa tae atu ki te konganuku, te kirihou, te karāhe, te pepa, ā, e piki haere ana te maha, mō te rakau.
Ka maroke ngā paninga UV-cured ina pāngia e te hihi ultraviolet i te awhe nanometer i te pito iti, i raro iho rānei i te hihi e kitea ana. Ko ō rātou painga ko te whakaiti nui, te whakakore katoa rānei i ngā VOC, te iti o te para, te iti o te wāhi papa e hiahiatia ana, te whakahaere me te whakarārangi tere (nō reira kāore e hiahiatia he whata whakamaroke), te whakaiti i ngā utu mahi me te tere ake o te whakaputa.
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga nui e rua ko te utu tīmatanga nui mō ngā taputapu me te uaua ki te whakaoti i ngā mea uaua 3-D. Nō reira, ko te tīmatanga ki te whakamaroke UV he mea herea noa ki ngā toa nui e hanga ana i ngā mea papatahi pērā i ngā tatau, ngā panera, ngā papa, ngā whakapaipai me ngā wāhanga kua rite ki te huihui.
Ko te huarahi māmā ki te mārama ki ngā whakaotinga UV-cured ko te whakataurite i ēnei ki ngā whakaotinga whakakorikori noa kua mōhio pea koe. Pērā i ngā whakaotinga whakakorikori, kei roto i ngā whakaotinga UV-cured he kapia hei whakatutuki i te hanganga, he whakarewa, he whakakapi rānei mō te angiangi, he whakakorikori hei tīmata i te hononga whakawhiti me te whakaputa i te whakakorikori me ētahi tāpiringa pēnei i ngā kaihoko papatahi hei whakarato i ngā āhuatanga motuhake.
He maha ngā kapia tuatahi e whakamahia ana, tae atu ki ngā mea i ahu mai i te epoxy, te urethane, te acrylic me te polyester.
I ngā wā katoa, ka tino pakari ēnei kapia, ā, he ātete ki te whakarewa me te rakuraku, he rite ki te wanihi kua whakakorikoria (hurihuri). Nā tēnei ka uaua ngā whakatikatika kāore e kitea mēnā ka pakaru te kiriata kua whakakorikoria.
Ka taea e ngā whakaotinga kua whakamaroketia ki te UV te noho totoka 100 ōrau i roto i te āhua wai. Arā, ko te matotoru o te mea i whakatakotoria ki runga i te rakau he rite ki te matotoru o te paninga kua whakamaroketia. Kāore he mea hei mimiti. Engari he matotoru rawa te kapia tuatahi mō te whakamahinga ngāwari. Nō reira ka tāpirihia e ngā kaihanga ngā ngota iti ake hei whakaiti i te matotoru. Kāore i rite ki ngā whakarewa, e mimiti ana, ka honoa ēnei ngota tāpiri ki ngā ngota kapia nui ake hei hanga i te kiriata.
Ka taea hoki te tāpiri i ngā whakarewa, i te wai rānei hei whakangawari ina hiahiatia he hanganga kiriata angiangi, hei tauira, mō te paninga hiri. Engari kāore i te nuinga o te wā e hiahiatia ana kia rehuhia te whakaotinga. Ina tāpirihia ngā whakarewa, te wai rānei, me tuku kia mimiti, kia whakamatao rānei (i roto i te oumu) i mua i te tīmatanga o te whakamaroke UV.
Te whakakorikori
He rerekē tēnei i te wanihi kua whakakōkīhia, ka tīmata te whakamaroke ina tāpirihia te whakakōkī, kāore te whakakōkī i roto i te whakaotinga kua whakakōkīhia ki te UV, e kiia nei ko te "whakaahua-whakaoho", e mahi i tetahi mea kia tae rā anō ki te pūngao o te mārama UV. Kātahi ka tīmata he tauhohenga mekameka tere e hono ana i ngā ngota katoa o te paninga hei hanga i te kiriata.
Nā tēnei tukanga i motuhake ai ngā whakaotinga kua whakamaroketia ki te hihi UV. Kāore he roanga o te wā e mau ai te whakaotinga i roto i te whata, i te ipu rānei. Ka noho tonu i roto i te āhua wai tae noa ki te wā e pāngia ana e te hihi UV. Kātahi ka whakamaroketia rawatia i roto i ētahi hēkona. Kia maumahara ka taea e te rā te whakaweto i te whakamaroketia, nō reira he mea nui kia karohia tēnei momo pānga.
He māmā ake pea te whakaaro ko te whakakorikori mō ngā paninga UV he wāhanga e rua, kaua ko te wāhanga kotahi. Kei roto kē te kaiwhakaoho whakaahua i te whakaotinga — tata ki te 5 ōrau o te wai — ā, kei reira te kaha o te mārama UV e whakaoho ana i taua mea. Ki te kore ngā mea e rua, kāore he mea e tupu.
Mā tēnei āhuatanga ahurei ka taea te whakahoki mai i te rehu nui ki waho o te awhe o te mārama UV, ā, ka taea te whakamahi anō i te whakaotinga. Nō reira, ka taea te whakakore katoa i ngā para.
Ko te rama UV tuku iho he pūangi kohu-merkuri me te whakaata porowhita hei kohikohi me te tuku i te rama ki runga i te wāhanga. Ko te whakaaro kia arotahi te rama kia tino whai hua ai te whakaoho i te kaiwhakaoho whakaahua.
I roto i ngā tekau tau kua pahure ake nei, kua tīmata te whakakapi i ngā rama LED (ngā rama rama-whakaputa mārama) i ngā rama tuku iho nā te mea he iti ake te hiko e whakamahia ana e ngā rama LED, he roa ake te ora, kāore e hiahiatia kia whakamahanahia, ā, he whāiti te awhe roangaru o te rama, nō reira kāore e nui te wera e puta ai. Ka taea e tēnei wera te whakawai i ngā kapia i roto i te rakau, pērā i te paina, ā, me pau te wera.
He rite tonu te tukanga whakamaroke. He "rārangi tirohanga" te katoa. Ka whakamaroke noa te whakaotinga mēnā ka pā mai te mārama UV mai i tētahi tawhiti kua whakaritea. Kāore e whakamaroke ngā wāhi kei roto i ngā atarangi, kei waho rānei i te arotahi o te mārama. He herenga nui tēnei mō te whakamaroke UV i tēnei wā.
Hei whakamaroke i te paninga o tētahi mea uaua, tae atu ki tētahi mea papatahi pērā i te whakakikorua kōtaha, me whakarite ngā rama kia pā ki ia mata i te tawhiti pumau kia ōrite ki te hanganga o te paninga. Koinei te take e hanga ai ngā mea papatahi i te nuinga o ngā kaupapa e pania ana ki te whakaotinga whakamaroke UV.
Ko ngā whakaritenga e rua e kitea whānuitia ana mō te paninga UV me te whakamaroke ko te raina papatahi me te rūma.
Mā te raina papatahi, ka nekehia ngā mea papatahi, tata papatahi rānei ki raro i tētahi kaikawe i raro i tētahi rehu, i tētahi roera rānei, i roto rānei i tētahi rūma korehau, kātahi ka nekehia ki roto i tētahi oumu mēnā e tika ana hei tango i ngā whakarewa, i te wai rānei, ā, i te mutunga, i raro i tētahi huinga rama UV hei whakaora. Kātahi ka taea te whakarārangi tonu i ngā mea.
I roto i ngā rūma, ka whakairihia ngā taonga, ka nekehia mā runga i tētahi kaikawe i ngā kaupae kotahi. Mā te rūma ka taea te whakaoti i ngā taha katoa i te wā kotahi, me te whakaoti i ngā taonga āhua-toru kāore i te uaua.
Ko tētahi atu huarahi ko te whakamahi i te karetao hei huri i te mea i mua i ngā rama UV, te pupuri rānei i te rama UV hei neke i te mea huri noa.
He mahi nui tā ngā kaiwhakarato
Mō ngā paninga me ngā taputapu kua whakamaroketia ki te UV, he mea nui ake te mahi tahi me ngā kaiwhakarato i ngā wanihi kua whakakorikoria. Ko te take matua ko te maha o ngā taurangi me whakarite. Kei roto i ēnei ko te roanga ngaru o ngā pūangi, ngā rama LED rānei me tō rātou tawhiti mai i ngā mea, te whakatakotoranga o te paninga me te tere o te raina mēnā kei te whakamahi koe i te raina whakaoti.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-23-2023
